A Simple Key For KTP Crystal Unveiled
A Simple Key For KTP Crystal Unveiled
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Presently, greater cryogenic cooling of the KTP crystal and higher pulse energies, increased repetition fee pump lasers, could also make peak electrical power improves by another 2 orders of magnitude, and frequency raises of 100–one thousand situations come to be feasible. Correspondingly, the laser-induced substance harm and terahertz absorption of KTP crystals should be paid out far more focus.
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The maximum repetition amount has long been based on the maximum repetition amount of your intracavity EO modulator (Computer system) employed for seeding in and extracting pulses within the amplifier. The Personal computer repetition is limited via the damping fee from the oscillations during the crystal birefringence that occur from the excitation of PER inside the crystal. The PER is produced with the piezoelectric influence and can be quantified using the piezoelectric constant related to crystal structure and ferroelectric domains. For each of KDP and KTP have been captured at high voltage from ten kHz to two hundred kHz are illustrated in Fig.
Comparison of picked properties of EO crystals, LN, and KTP, respectively. KTP was preferred for EO products for top-electrical power and large-repetition amount laser thanks to its lessen absorption, outstanding thermal Homes, and very similar EO properties. The thermal outcome of EO devices is first for the reason that KTP is actually a quasi-1D superionic conductor, so the electrical conductivity is favourable dependant upon temperature, causing electron-induced damage and discoloration at higher temperatures. 2nd, accompanying the increase in laser electrical power, one of the primary issues was the thermal defection of your back again-propagating beam because of thermally induced refractive index gradients (thermal lensing influence). On top of that, although the birefringence modify because of the temperature adjust is often compensated with the double-crystal structure, the KTP with a sizable thermo-optic coefficient, as well as the oscillating laser and pumping gentle Power absorbed because of the front may be compensated as well as back two crystals are different, so during the higher pumping.
Researchers and engineers dealing with crystals of KTP relatives are invited to lead to the issue.
KTP crystal (Potassium Titanyl Phosphate) is an excellent and yet inexpensive non-linear crystal presents A variety of special functions:
KTP crystals are optimized for SHG intracavity configuration in very low peak electrical power CW lasers. Due to big quantity of passes throughout the crystal, minimal insertion losses and substantial homogeneity are important for conversion effectiveness.
Supersaturation occurs, and crystals start to develop as the temperature is slowly decreased. The containment chamber is extracted and Reduce open up. If all has long gone effectively, and with a little bit of luck, oriented KTP crystals have grown outward from each side in the seeds.
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Schematic from the principal diagram of a temperature-controlled single-crystal and d temperature-compensated double-crystal EO switches; b Photograph and c patterns of KTP EO Q-switch; e On the web monitoring product for EO swap pair installation; file Experimental setup for characterization of piezoelectric ringing results (PE); g Pockels mobile (Computer) to generally be tested; Waveform diagram on the h KDP Computer system less than 10 kHz, and KTP Computer system under i ten kHz, j one hundred kHz, k 200 kHz
Since the wonderful EO Qualities of KTP ended up understood in 1976 combined with the acquiring of nonlinear Attributes, numerous endeavours were designed to realize its EO purposes, based upon which we understood the preparation of huge measurement, large destruction resistance, and lower conductivity crystals more to fabricate it into EO switches and EO modulators. It is possible to expand KTP crystals with a complete excess weight increased check here than ten kg at a person time (just one autoclave per cycle), depending upon the advancement of a large interior diameter autoclave. From the optimized hydrothermal crystal expansion strategy, the electro-chromic, Image-chromic, and catastrophic laser-induced damages were being triumph over, and crystals with uniform significant optical, electrical, and piezoelectric Homes had been acquired, producing the professional application of HKTP EO crystals a reality.
The recent fascination in expanding the frequency conversion effectiveness by periodical poling utilizing contemporary ways of micro- and nanodomain engineering within the crystals of KTP household is gigantic.
The one micron light is usually generated from a neodymium doped crystal of YAG, Yttrium orthovanadate, or YLF. The KTP could possibly be utilised outdoors the laser cavity or intracavity where by the laser intensity is greater. This frequency doubling result is often known as next harmonic generation.
The eco-friendly laser radiation that KTP provides has many applications. Green laser light-weight has great penetration via ocean water, so it is actually employed for interaction and bathymetric measurement of the sea floor and riverbed functions.